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Kitchen Countertops
Choices and Selection Guide

   Kitchen Countertop

Kitchen countertops are hard-working surfaces that more or less act as the kitchen's 'workbench'. However any functional similarity with their garage counterparts ends when you consider the myriad of material choices that are available.

There's probably no other surface in the house, other than flooring perhaps, that matches the range of product types and styles available for kitchen counters.

Years ago you had a few choices for countertop surfaces. In case you haven't been paying attention lately, the world is practically your oyster when it comes

to kitchen countertop selections. Today you have a vast array of materials to suit your style and taste. Products range anywhere from glass to stone and recycled paper to concrete.

So where do you begin? Well, let's first start out by learning a bit more about these hard working surfaces. This web page is broken down into the sections shown below. You can click on any that interest you or continue reading down the page to eventually get through them all.


Page Sections At A Glance

What Are My Choices?
What Should I Know Before Choosing Kitchen Countertops?
What Are The Positives And Negatives?
Editor's Picks




What Are My Choices?

This is the fun part, sort of like countertop shopping, where you get to browse the seemingly ever-expanding range of countertop products. Take some time to get familiar with the choices, dream a little, and then take a look at the pros/cons table to get a better feel for whether they fit your requirements.

If you want more in depth information on any particular countertop surface, click on the appropriate link in the pros and cons table below.

Laminate

Well known by trade names such as Formica®, these countertops have stood the test of time. New innovations make for a broad range of colors and patterns and more recently, the addition of textures.

Solid Surface
Solid surface is basically a plastic but that's where the blandness ends. Many styles and colors are available and the seamless characteristics work well for expansive countertops and integral sinks.

Natural Stone

Granite, slate, soapstone, quartz, marble, gemstone... . Natural stone has an inherent beauty but there is some maintenance involved in keeping them 'healthy'.

Granite countertops have been called into question regarding the possibility of emitting radon into the home. Find out what this is all about in this article.

Engineered Stone
Predominantly a quartz material that's been crushed and combined with resins to form a hard surface like stone, but without the maintenance requirements like periodic sealing. Some of the colors and patterns do a pretty good job of mimicking natural stone.

Wood
Wood countertops no longer mean just butcher block. There are plenty of style options involving wood species and edge treatments and even the option of using reclaimed wood for those who want an eco-friendly countertop. There are plenty of wood countertop sources too so finding a supplier shouldn't be a problem. There is some maintenance involved to keep them looking good however so it's worth investigating further to know if it's right for your kitchen.

Metal
Stainless steel is probably more widely known but if that's too clinical for you, picture your kitchen countertops in the rich color of copper, which gain a unique patina over time. Or consider the interesting gray pallet of pewter countertops.

Concrete
Concrete offers endless design options since they're fabricated to your specifications, either right in your home or in a design studio and then shipped to your kitchen. Concrete offers a smooth surface in just about any color along with a stoutness that embodies solidity.

Composite and Recycled Materials
Composite and recycled countertops deliver some interesting alternatives for kitchen countertops. Some are made from recycled paper combined with resins to form a surface that's hard yet warmer than stone. Other choices include the use of recycled crushed glass and porcelain that's mixed with resins or cement. The result is a durable but distinctive terrazzo-like surface. The eco-friendly nature of these choices may also give you the satisfaction of having helped the environment.

Lavastone
Lavastone is volcanic lava that's hardened into a stone-like consistency. Most Lavastone countertop material is covered with a hard enamel that makes the surface similar to tile, except you don't have to deal with grout lines like you do with a tile countertop. It can be expensive but you have a virtually unlimited supply of colors.

Tile
Tile's another choice that's been available for years but you're not limited to just the basic 4-inch squares anymore. Natural stone tiles like granite are available and come in large sizes which means you could have a granite countertop with just a few grout lines for less cost than a granite slab.

Glass
Glass countertops offer a sleek, modern style that's unique and usually custom-designed so there's little worry of having a kitchen just like everyone else. There's a world of choices in textures, styles and colors so there's virtually no limit to the level of distinction you can put in your kitchen. Glass countertop sources include architectural glass fabricators and glass art studios so there's bound to be a design that's right for you. Glass countertops are sturdy enough to stand up to their role but you'll still want to be sure you avoid dropping something large and heavy on them. They will scratch and they're not immune to cracks or breaks.

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What Should I Know Before Choosing Kitchen Countertops?

Before letting emotion completely take over, identify or write down your goals on what it is you want to achieve with your new kitchen or remodel. This will help you identify certain types of kitchen countertops that fit your objectives or needs.

Despite the wide range of countertop choices available, each has their own distinct advantages and disadvantages. Take time to ask yourself the following questions to help focus in on a short list of options:

  1. Are you going strictly for a look and feel that you have your heart set on, regardless of any other decision factors?
  2. Are you looking for practicality and something that is easily maintainable and affordable?
  3. How do you intend on using your kitchen countertops? Do you do a lot of cooking and food preparation or will your countertops see less use?
  4. What kind of long term durability are you looking for? Do you want your kitchen countertops to look the same 10 years from now, with no visible signs of aging, wear or patina?
  5. What level of maintenance are you willing to put in?
  6. Do you want surfacing that is more environmentally-friendly?

Once you've put some thought into these questions you should be better equipped to sort through the various kitchen countertop choices that are available. Here are some additional points to keep in mind before you choose your kitchen countertops:

  • Stone countertops such as granite are naturally porous and will need to be sealed in order to maintain their stain resistance. Stone is also heavy so your cabinets and supporting structure will need to handle the weight.
  • Edge treatments play a large role in the overall cost of your kitchen countertops. Fancy or intricate edges typically require more labor which drives up the cost, particularly with materials that are harder to work and cut like stone. Think about going with a more standard or less elaborate edge. It might allow you to get the countertop of your choice while staying within your budget
  • Laminate kitchen countertops are durable, affordable and can be found in a multitude of different colors and patterns, some that mimic the look of natural stone. There are also edge treatments such as a wood edge or beveled edge that virtually eliminate the dark line typically seen on square edges of laminate countertops.
  • No kitchen countertop material is perfect although some come close from a durability and minimal-maintenance perspective. But don't think that they're indestructible. Understanding that a little care and maintenance is required should help avoid disappointment down the road.
  • Countertop surfaces vary in their strengths and weaknesses so take advantage of that. Don't be afraid to mix up materials within your kitchen. Use butcher block for a dedicated cutting area and a more delicate natural stone like marble for less-used areas you'd like to show off.

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Positives and Negatives

The table below lists the high points and low points of the various kitchen countertop products. Click on the Countertop Type to get more in-depth information and additional resources associated with that countertop material.

Keep in mind that the kitchen countertop choices listed here are primarily categories. Within each category there are numerous other options available to you. For example, there are multiple solid surface manufacturers, each with their own design formulas, styles and innovations. Once you narrow your choice down to a few countertop categories, spend some time exploring the various choices within each option.

Pros
Cons
Laminate
  • Affordable
  • Easily maintained
  • Almost limitless range of colors/patterns
  • Edges and seams visible
  • Not heat tolerant
  • Can scratch and chip
  • Chips not easily repaired and repairs (such as colored pastes) are still visible after repair
Solid Surface
  • Renewable (cuts and scratches can be blended out)
  • Allows for the use of integrated sinks (no visible seams between sink and countertop)
  • No visible seams which is advantageous on large countertop designs
  • Non-porous
  • Many patterns and colors available, some which resemble natural stone
  • Softer and easier to scratch than stone or other harder surfaces
  • Not heat resistant
  • Relatively higher cost among the countertop surfaces
  • Requires professional fabrication/installation in most cases including repairs
Natural Stone
  • Natural beauty that's not really duplicated with man-made products
  • Lasts virtually forever if maintained
  • More heat tolerant than other countertop surfaces
  • Requires maintenance such as sealing to prevent stains
  • Porous - can stain without proper protection
  • Can chip and crack
  • Can be expensive depending on the stone type, color, and rarity however some granites have become very affordable due to more cost effective processing techniques
  • questions about radon emissions from some types of granite (see this article for more information
Engineered Stone
  • The look mimics some granite and stone
  • Durable as stone but non-porous and stain resistant so it doesn't require sealing
  • Can be offered in colors not found with natural stone
  • Widely available
  • Can be expensive depending on color choice and edge profiles
Wood
  • Unique aesthetic appeal
  • Offers a warmer surface than stone or engineered stone
  • Butcher block style provides good cutting surface
  • Requires sealing and periodic resealing depending on the application
  • Susceptible to water damage if not properly treated/sealed
  • Generally a softer material and can dent and will scratch and show cut marks
Metal
  • Heat tolerant
  • Non-porous and sanitary, particularly stainless steel
  • Offers a unique look
  • Can scratch depending on the metal used
  • Prone to denting if objects are dropped on it
Concrete/Cement
  • Can be made to any shape/style and color
  • Can incorporate inlaid decorative items/patterns or useful implements such as trivets
  • May develop natural hairline cracks (characteristic of the material)
  • Can be chipped
  • Heavy - requires sturdy cabinetry/support structure
  • Not as widely available depending on location but fabricators are becoming more prevalent and some specialty fabricators ship worldwide
Composite/Recycled
  • Offers a look similar to some natural stone depending on color (slate)
  • 'Green' qualities - made from recycled and earth-friendly materials/techniques
  • Offers a warmer surface to the touch than stone or engineered stone or glass
  • Some color change of fading may occur depending on product and use
  • Still somewhat new in the marketplace
Lavastone
  • Offers a unique look; not a common surfacing material
  • Enameled lavastone has similar properties to tile (heat, scratch and stain resistant, non-porous)
  • Wide color range available
  • Expensive
  • Few manufacturers/suppliers
Tile
  • Durable; heat tolerant, scratch and stain resistant
  • Endless variety of styles and colors available
  • Can be very cost efficient depending on the type of tile chosen
  • Larger natural stone tile such as granite can be used to provide a more affordable granite kitchen countertop compared to a solid slab
  • Can be bothersome to wipe clean because of the interruptions in the surface from the grout lines
  • Grout can stain and discolor over time
Glass
  • Heat tolerant and stain resistant
  • Wide range of styles, colors and textures available offering a unique style choice
  • Eco-friendly when using recycled glass
  • Hygienic, non-porous surface that's easy to clean and won't harbor germs/bacteria
  • Custom-made product - styles are limited only by the capabilities and features offered by the fabricator
  • Cost can be high depending on the style and characteristics of the countertop design
  • May show fingerprints and water spots more easily than other countertop surfaces
  • Typically strong but not immune to cracks or fractures if objects are dropped on it
  • Acidic substances can etch and mar the glass surface


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Editor's Picks

Before I show too much favor I'll just cop out and admit that I don't have one single kitchen countertop preference. But in my own defense, here's the reason: it really does depend on what style you're looking for, the type of duty your kitchen countertops will see and of course, the size of your pocketbook. So different products satisfy different needs.

I'll go with my top 3 choices and the reasons why.

Natural Stone
I love the look of natural stone, whether it's in the form of kitchen countertops or a masonry fireplace. In my opinion it's hard to duplicate the look of nature and if you've ever seen a 12-foot slab of granite and marveled at the variation in color and pattern from one end to the other, you'll know what I mean. Or run your hand along a soapstone countertop. The softness belies the fact that it's really stone.

I'm a maintenance-oriented guy so the concept of periodically sealing a granite countertop is no big deal. Somehow the natural but rugged qualities of stone resonate with something inside of me that wants it real. Sure, my house provides me with shelter from the outside, but somehow I still want some connection to the earth we live on.

Engineered Stone
OK, having said that, the lazy guy in me likes the fact that if I don't have to maintain something, all the better. I like engineered stone (i.e. the quartz-based products like Cambria and Silestone) because you get the durability of stone, a pretty close look to natural stone and the maintenance-free aspects of laminate or solid surface.

It's a perfect marriage between nature and man's brainpower. The natural quartz crystals bound up in the resin matrix add a depth and translucence that you see with some stones like granite. But the fact that it's virtually non-porous eliminates the need for sealing and the worries of staining. Pretty nifty idea.

Composite/Paper Based
My preference here lies with the paper-based products like Richlite® and PaperStone™. There's a 'green' aspect to them in that they use recycled products in their makeup. But what I like even more is their look and texture.

These products have a warmer feel than natural or engineered stone yet the the black-colored products have a striking resemblance to slate, another favorite of mine. As much as I like stone kitchen countertops, they can feel pretty cold sometimes. These paper-based products offer a warmer alternative.


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